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Japan's fertility rate, which has been dropping for years, has hit another record low as the government ramps up attempts to encourage young people to marry and create babies, even establishing its own dating app. A fertility rate of 2.1 is required to maintain population stability. Anything above that will result in population growth, with a high proportion of children and young adults, as seen in India and many African countries. However, in Japan, the fertility rate has been significantly below that stable threshold of 2.1 for half a century, according to experts; it dipped below that level when the 1973 global oil crisis plunged nations into recession and has never recovered.